Reported Speech

Let´s review the reported speech?

Mudanças ocorridas ao transformar o discurso direto para indireto

A-    Nos tempos verbais

Discurso direto	Discurso indireto
Simple present  I live in a big house	Simple past  He said that he lived in a big house.
Present continuous I’m doing my homework	Past Continuous He said (that) he was doing his homework.
Present perfect We’ve been to the beach	Past Perfect They said they had been to the beach.
Simple Past I saw them at the party	Past perfect He said he had seen them at the party

OBS: quando o verbo da oração introdutória do estilo indireto está no simple present, present perfect ou future, os tempos verbais da oração original não sofrem alteração.

They say, “we’re hungry”.  – They say (that) they are hungry.

*** They said: “we’re hungry” – They said that they were hungry.

He says, “I won’t go out tomorrow”. – He says (that) he won’t go out tomorrow.

B- Nos verbos modais

Discurso direto	Discurso indireto
Can I can play the drums	Could He said that he could play the drums
Will I’ll answer the phone	Would He said he would answer the phone
Must / have to You must be more tolerant	Had to He said (that) I had to be more tolerant
May It may rain	Might It might rain

**As formas modais should, would e could não se alteram.

C- Nas referênciais pessoais

·         adjetivos e pronomes possessivos de 1° pessoa mudam para a 3° pessoa.

He said, “I can’t read with my glasses”. He said that he couldn’t read with his glasses.

They said, “We can do it”. – They said that they could do it.

·         O pronome you muda para I ou we

She said: “you are very lucky.” – She said I was very lucky

He said to us, “you look worried”. He told us we looked worried.

He said, “you seem tired” – He told me/us I/we seemed tired.

	PAY ATTENTION!! say something:    Be quiet, I have something to say. say something to someone : She said nothing to me about it. tell something to someone: He told the news to everyone he saw. tell someone something: He told everyone he saw the news.

 

D- Expressões ou palavras que se alteram

Discurso direto	Discurso indireto
This	That
These	Those
Here	There / that place
Today	That day
Yesterday	The day before
Tomorrow	The next day / following morning.
Yesterday afternoon	The previous afternoon, the afternoon before
Next week / month / year	The following week/month/year
Last week /month/year	The week/month/year before
A week/month/year ago	A week/month/year before

E- Ordens e pedidos

§  No estilo direto, é comum utilizar o imperativo do verbo (forma-se com o infinitivo do verbo sem o to) para expressar uma ordem, um pedido, um comando. No discurso indireto, empregamos a seguinte estrutura:

Sujeito + verbo introdutório (tell,ask,advise,warn)  + objeto indireto + to + infinitivo

Discurso Direto: She said to Jack,  “Open the door, please.”

Discurso indireto: She told/asked Jack to open the door.

§  Se a ordem ou pedido for negativo, usamos a mesma estrutura, porém com not diante de to + infinitivo.

§  Sujeito + verbo introdutório (tell,ask,advise,warn)  + objeto indireto +  NOT to + infinitivo

Discurso direto: the teacher said to the students, “don’t talk.”

Discurso indireto: the teacher told (asked) the students not to talk.